Can Dogs Catch a Cold? Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

When dogs catch a cold, they don't just suffer from symptoms like coughing or loss of appetite. In severe cases, a cold can become life-threatening. Do you know the specific symptoms of a cold in dogs? Can dogs pass colds to humans? While many pet owners worry about this, the truth is that early detection and proper treatment can prevent complications.

At Petfuno, we provide solutions ranging from home remedies to medical treatments to help you intervene in time and ensure your dog's health. With accurate information backed by veterinary knowledge and experience, we’ll help you understand the symptoms, signs, and differences between colds and flu in dogs.

Causes of Colds in Dogs

There are two main causes of colds in dogs: viruses and sudden temperature changes. Inadequate temperature control is a major factor leading to colds and flu. Here are the most common causes:

• Cold weather: Just like humans, dogs can catch a cold when exposed to cold weather, especially if they lack proper shelter or have a thin coat. Rapid weather changes—hot to cold, rainy to sunny—can also make them vulnerable. While colds may seem harmless, they can lead to serious conditions like rhinitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, or high fever.

• Cold water exposure: Bathing dogs in cold water or failing to dry them properly after a bath can make them sick.

• Sleeping on cold surfaces: Dogs that sleep outside, on patios, under staircases, or in damp areas are more prone to colds. Unclean kennels with urine and feces buildup can also increase the risk of illness.

• Viruses and bacteria: Dogs can catch colds due to viral or bacterial infections, just like humans.

• Weakened immune system: Puppies and dogs with weakened immune systems are more susceptible. Newly adopted puppies or those unfamiliar with the outdoors are especially vulnerable.

• Contact with sick dogs: Dogs can catch colds from infected dogs, particularly in shared spaces or during playtime.

• Lack of vaccination: Unvaccinated dogs or those with incomplete vaccinations have a higher risk of illness.

Symptoms of a Cold in Dogs

If your dog shows unusual behavior, they might be catching a cold. Here are some important symptoms to watch for:

Common Symptoms:

• Fever or body temperature fluctuations

• Light sensitivity and difficulty opening eyes

• Runny nose, sneezing, and excessive nose rubbing

• Persistent coughing

• Lethargy, loss of interest in playing, and decreased appetite

• Rapid breathing and shivering

• Pale gums and skin

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea (sometimes with blood)

• If left untreated, severe cases can lead to heart failure and death

Cold vs. Flu in Dogs

Dogs with colds and flu share similar symptoms such as coughing, fever, and runny nose. However, the flu can also cause conjunctivitis, intestinal inflammation, and high fever.

• If your dog coughs for more than three weeks, take them to a vet immediately.

• Infectious diseases like Parvo can start with cold-like symptoms but rapidly worsen. Dogs may experience alternating fever patterns, eye discharge, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Cold vs. Bronchitis vs. Pneumonia in Dogs

All three conditions affect the respiratory system but differ in severity:

Dog Colds

• Symptoms: Mild shivering, occasional cough, runny nose, watery eyes, slightly red eyelids

• Causes: Viruses, bacteria, or cold weather

• Severity: Generally mild but can lead to complications if untreated

Bronchitis in Dogs

• Symptoms: Persistent cough (especially after exercise or in the morning), difficulty breathing, runny nose, red eyes, and fever

• Causes: Infections, inhaling smoke or dust, or irritants

• Severity: Chronic bronchitis can lead to permanent respiratory damage

Pneumonia in Dogs

• Symptoms: Severe cough, high fever, difficulty breathing, lethargy, loss of appetite, and dehydration

• Causes: Bacteria, viruses, fungi, or inhaled chemicals

• Severity: Extremely serious and can be fatal without urgent medical attention

Among these, pneumonia is the most dangerous and requires immediate veterinary care. A simple cold can develop into a more severe illness if not properly managed.

Medications for Dog Colds

Cold treatments vary based on severity. It’s important to ensure proper nutrition and warmth for your dog. Make sure their environment is dry, well-ventilated, and free of cold drafts.

Home Remedies for Mild Colds

For minor colds, you can try these remedies:

1. Warm sugar water or ginger tea

2. Keep your dog warm (provide dog sweaters, warm bedding)

3. Nutrient-rich meals to support immunity

4. Herbal solutions: Extracts from perilla leaves, basil, or wild betel leaves can help.

Medical Treatments for Moderate Colds

• Provide warm food and vitamin B & C supplements

• Use saline drops for the eyes and nose

• Cough syrups like Prospan can help relieve symptoms

• Tamiflu may be used in the early stages to reduce viral replication

• If the dog has thick nasal discharge or wheezing, Acemuc or Bisolvon can help thin mucus and ease breathing

Treating Severe Colds

In severe cases, antibiotics and veterinary care are required. Signs of severe illness include:

• High fever (40-42°C)

• Difficulty breathing

• Persistent coughing

• Signs of pneumonia

Veterinarians may prescribe antibiotics such as Amoxicillin or Zinnat (30-50mg/kg body weight). Antibiotic treatment should last at least 3-5 days to prevent resistance. If symptoms persist after 7 days, take your dog to the nearest vet clinic immediately.

Can You Give Dogs Human Cold Medicine?

No! Never give your dog human cold medicine. Many ingredients in human medications, such as acetaminophen, are toxic to dogs and can cause liver failure or blood disorders.

Emergency Care for Dogs with Cold & Vomiting

Cold and vomiting can indicate a more serious condition. If your dog has these symptoms, it’s crucial to seek veterinary care immediately. Home remedies won't be effective for severe cases.

Steps to take:

• Assess overall health – Is your dog lethargic, feverish, or dehydrated?

• Contact a veterinarian if symptoms worsen

• Provide easy-to-digest foods like boiled rice and chicken

• Avoid rich or spicy foods that may irritate the stomach

Final Thoughts

A dog's cold can last from a few weeks to two months, with puppies and weaker dogs being more vulnerable. Prevention is key—keep your dog warm, well-fed, and vaccinated.

If you suspect your dog has more than just a mild cold, don't hesitate to visit the vet. Severe flu strains like H3N8 can lead to lung complications and acute pneumonia, which may be fatal.

At Petfuno, we care about your pet’s health. Stay informed and take the right steps to protect your furry friend from colds and other illnesses!